The F1 "blue book" (http://argent.fia.com/web/fia-public.nsf/65EE8F15945D0941C12576C7005308AE/$FILE/1-2010%20SPORTING%20REGULATIONS%2010-02-2010.pdf) states that an incident is caused, among other things when a driver "illegitimately prevented a legitimate overtaking manoeuvre by another driver" or "illegimately impeded another driver during overtaking".
Therefore in a situation where another driver is in a position to overtake one is allowed to move to your racing line at the beginning of the stratight and allowed to move to your cornering line at the end of the straight, and deviating from that racing line risks being seen as an attempt to impede.
And of course, the move to a cornering line is subject to the "thou shalt not force off the track" rule as well.
Of course, you have to interpret the rule in the light of 'preventing a legitimate overtake'. If you move to an obstructive racing line in the first place, then you have to hold it to demonstrate that it was a chosen racing line, not a block. Similarly the move to a cornering line is acceptable because at a certain position on the track it becomes almost impossible to carry out a legitimate overtaking manoeuvre, rather than a lunge up the inside, and thus you can no longer obstruct it.
The 'one move' is a pragmatic recognition of when an overtake could occur, not a gentleman's agreement at all. It also applies in karting for exactly the same reasons.
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