Do a search on this site for "tyre pressures" and you should find lots of detail on the how and why of tyre pressures.
Very basically, each tyre is designed to run at an optimum pressure and an optimum temperature. You aee looking to get a combined maximum of mechanical grip (shape) and chemical grip (heat)
Changing the pressure by less than 0.1 bar can change the handling of a kart from good to a lot less than good, but you probably have to have a lot of experience to be able to feel that difference.
You set the pressure so that when you are driving at race pace the tyre is at that optimum temperature and pressure. You need to be able to lap consistently in order to be able to set your tyres correctly.
Most 100cc kart tyres seem to be designed to run at around 1 to 1.2 bar and somewhere between 40 and 60C. Gregor suggests 18psi (1.25 bar) for a prokart as a starter. Presumably they don't get the heat into the tyre and get more grip from adding chemical grip (heat) than they lose from mechanical grip.(poor shape)
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