The pinch bolts are very important to the performance of your axle.
The bearings need to return to a neutral state when the axle is being flexed during driving when the chassis is twisting.
The axle doesn't just flex from the bearing to the hub, but flexes right the way through its length.
For instance, if the left hand wheel is forced upwards by a kerb, the part of the axle on the other side of the bearing will want to go down and this flexing goes on constantly during the twisting and thumping that goes on when you're driving.
If you've seen the slo'mo's of F1 cars when they ride a kerb, that is what happens to your kart.
The bearing needs to be able to move in the carrier, otherwise it will stay in tension and cause binding on the axle which will slow you down and seriously affect your times.
The pinch bolt need to just barely nip the bearing.
The way I check mine is to see if the bearing has any slack in the carrier.
If it hasn't then I know that it will only need the slack taked up on the bolt.
I have fitted side bolts to the pinch bolts so that once they're nipped, the side bolt (4mm) holds the pinch bolt and prevents it moving.
If the bearing is slack in the carier, I note how much the pinch bolt need to be tightened once the slack is taked up.
I release the pinch bolts and grub screws and then set up the axle, settling it with a rawhide hammer, spinning and tapping the bearing collars until the axle spins without binding.
Tighten the grub screws and keep checking that you haven't introduced a bind when tightening them.
Then i do the pinch bolts up to my predetermined levels and set the side bolts.
If you tighten the pinch bolts too much, it puts such a strain on the axle, it can cause it to snap, especially on the axles that have unused keyways.
I also run a slack chain (30mm) and two very thick sprocket protectors so that when the chassis is twisting, it isn't affected by the chain tightening when it's twisted.
Never lost a chain and by using ceramic chain lube sprayed on the INSIDE not the outside, (nothing touches the outside anyway, so why lube it), I use very little lube and haven't needed a chain this year.
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